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Green Section RecordApril 16, 2023
Volume 61, Issue 07
Green Section RecordApril 16, 2023
Volume 61, Issue 07

Ramping Up

April 21, 2023
Jordan Booth, Ph.D., director, Course Consulting Service

Once soil and air temperatures are ideal for growth, a supplemental nitrogen fertility program is the best way to promote warm-season turf recovery from spring dead spot or marginal winter injury.

Spring is an exciting time for golf in the Southeast as we leave winter behind and re-energized golfers hit the course to enjoy the changing of the seasons. Just remind them that the bright green grass and dense turf they see during televised golf tournaments at this time of year may not reflect what most courses look like. As we documented earlier this month in the article “The Ups and Downs of Spring Course Conditions,” spring can be a trying time on the golf course and it may take some time for courses to get into summer shape.

Rounds of golf are still high compared to pre-pandemic numbers, which means increased traffic from carts, more divots on tees and extra stress on greens. Traffic, coupled with tough weather this winter, will no doubt set back turfgrass health as it breaks dormancy. A severe cold snap in December, a warm spell in February, high winds, severe storms, and widely variable spring temperatures resulted in many golf courses not getting off to the best start in 2023. Keep in mind that no amount of fertilizer or water can overcome a lack of growth and recovery due to cold soil temperatures. We just have to be a little patient. Growing degree-days are accumulating quickly and most areas that don’t look great now will recover simply by waiting for warmer soil temperatures to return and growing conditions to improve.
 

Many golf courses have a few bruises from a rough winter, including where wind blew a cover off this ultradwarf green resulting in low-temperature injury. Patience will be key to recovery.

Whether you’re encouraging turf recovery, managing traffic or planning your spring applications and cultural practices, there are some things you can do to get off on the right foot this season. Here are a few tips for spring course management:

  • Track soil and air temperature closely. Fertilizer and pesticide programs should be based on these metrics, not the calendar.
  • Wait until temperatures are suitable for growth before you sod, sprig or seed. Waiting also allows turfgrass to recover naturally and you may be surprised at what comes back on its own.
  • Recovery from diseases like spring dead spot or mild winter injury is helped by nitrogen applications once temperatures are ideal for growth.
  • Don’t shoot yourself in the foot. While winter weed pressure may have been high, don’t cause more problems by applying an herbicide to weak turf.
  • Less is often more in the spring. Growth and regular mowing will begin soon, so don’t rush into disruptive cultural practices before the turf is ready.
  • Set up the golf course for fun. Pay close attention to things like hole locations and tee setup. The golf course is likely soft and playing long so don’t beat up golfers who may be rusty from the winter.
     

Time – or sod – will heal all wounds suffered this winter and spring. Many golf courses have already seen vast improvement between early March and mid-April thanks to warmer temperatures. Patience will be required from both golfers and maintenance teams to make sure resources are optimized to keep recovery and spring maintenance on track and provide the best playing conditions come summer. In the meantime, take care of yourself, your crew and your families. The busy season will be here before you know it and taking care of your people is the best way to ensure a successful 2023.

Southeast Region Agronomists:

Chris Hartwiger, director, Agronomy – chartwiger@usga.org

Jordan Booth, Ph.D., director, USGA Course Consulting Service – jbooth@usga.org

John Rowland, Ph.D., agronomist – jrowland@usga.org

Information on the USGA’s Course Consulting Service

Contact the Green Section Staff

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